ESL

ROMAN NUMERALS

Roman numerals are the numbers which were used in the old Roman Empire.
They are sometimes used in English to be fancy.
A lot of times, they are used in the "Table of Contents" of books.
They are kind of confusing.
They work like this:

I =1
II =2
III =3
IV =5 - 1 = 4
V = 5
VI = 5 + 1 = 6
VII = 5 + 2 = 7
VIII = 5 + 3 = 8
IX = 10 - 1 = 9
X = 10
XI = 11
XII = 12
XIII = 13
XIV = 14
XV = 15
XVI = 16
XVII = 17
XVIII = 18
XIX = 19
XX = 20
XXX = 30
XL = 50 - 10 = 40
L = 50
LX = 60
LXX = 70
LXXX = 80
LXXXI = 81
LXXXII = 82
LXXXIII = 83
LXXXIV = 84
LXXXV = 85
XC = 100 - 10 = 90
C = 100
CI = 101
CX = 110
D = 500
M = 1000

Roman numerals are often used to show the year at the end credits of a movie:

MCM = 1990
MCMI = 1991
MCMII = 1992
MCMIII = 1993
MCMIV = 1994
MCMV = 1995
MCMVI = 1996
MCMVII = 1997
MCMVIII = 1998
MCMIX = 1999
MM = 2000
MMI = 2001
MMII = 2002
MMIII = 2003
MMIV = 2004
MMV = 2005
MMVI = 2006
MMVII = 2007
MMVIII = 2008
MMIX = 2009